Step 1: Generate a list of purposes for your questions that address your evaluation goals.

(I) = instrument example

Step 2: Compose first drafts of the questions that correspond to your list of goals.

Step 3: Determine whether each question should be open-response (I) or closed-response (I), or partially-open response.

Step 4: Tailor closed-response questions to provide maximum benefit.

Step 5: Word all questions clearly so that respondents understand what you are trying to learn from them.

All steps are illustrated in the upcoming example and case study.